What is Bidirectional Charging (V2X)?
Bidirectional charging — also known as V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) — is a technology that allows electric vehicles not only to charge from the grid but also to discharge energy back into external systems. This enables EVs to act as mobile energy sources or backup storage.
Main Types of V2X
- V2G (Vehicle-to-Grid): The EV supplies electricity back to the power grid to help balance demand and reduce stress during peak hours.
- V2H (Vehicle-to-Home): The EV powers a household during outages or peak times, reducing reliance on the grid.
- V2L (Vehicle-to-Load): The EV powers external devices like tools, appliances, or camping equipment via onboard outlets.
How It Works
Bidirectional charging requires special hardware in both the vehicle and the charging station. The system uses a power inverter to convert DC energy stored in the EV's battery into AC electricity for external use. Communication protocols coordinate safe energy transfer and ensure compliance with grid or home systems.
Why It Matters
- Improves energy resilience by providing backup power during outages.
- Supports renewable energy use and grid stability.
- Potential for financial savings through energy arbitrage or grid services participation.