EVs in the U.S. combine conventional automotive safety systems with EV-specific protections.
Passive Safety Systems:
- Battery crash protection: High-strength cases shield the pack from collision damage.
- Automatic disconnects: High-voltage circuits are isolated after impact.
- Underbody protection: Steel or composite shields prevent battery puncture from road debris.
- Advanced crumple zones: Designed to absorb impact more effectively due to lack of engine block.
Active Safety Systems:
- Battery thermal management: Liquid or refrigerant cooling systems prevent overheating and extend battery life.
- Regenerative braking with stability control: Integrates regen braking with ABS and traction control.
- Pedestrian warning sounds: Required by U.S. law at low speeds for safety.
- Remote diagnostics: Many U.S. EVs can send alerts directly to the manufacturer or emergency services if a fault is detected.
These systems work together to meet stringent NHTSA and IIHS safety requirements while protecting occupants and pedestrians.